Macula Densa!!

just copied this from pubmed. but this seems a nice article.

Macula densa cells are unique renal biosensor cells that detect changes in luminal NaCl concentration ([NaCl]_L) and transmit signals to the mesangial cell/afferent arteriolar complex. They are the critical link between renal salt and water excretion and glomerular hemodynamics, thus playing a key role in regulation of body fluid volume. Since identification of these cells in the early 1900s, the nature of the signaling process from macula densa cells to the glomerular contractile elements has remained unknown. In patch–clamp studies of macula densa cells, we identified an [NaCl]_L-sensitive ATP-permeable large-conductance (380 pS) anion channel. Also, we directly demonstrated the release of ATP (up to 10 μM) at the basolateral membrane of macula densa cells, in a manner dependent on [NaCl]_L, by using an ATP bioassay technique.

url : http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=12655045

Rama!

It's an unidentified object coming direct into the solar system. Earthlings have named it Rama, a space craft is sent to search the mystery of Rama. Rama is the mystery to be revealed.

Sir author c clark’s Rama series has inspired me in a way, that no other thing I had ever done. It's a four book series.

Rendezvous with RAMA I

Rendezvous with RAMA II

Garden of RAMA

RAMA revealed

RAMA is a giant hallow cylinder, with a totally new world inside. It has its own gravitational field inside it, created with the help of centrifugal force generated due to its rotation. Central axis has the lowest centrifugal force, which is zero and the surface has the highest which depends on the radius and the square of the angular velocity of the cylinder. So you can feel at earth on the surface and the space at the axis.

Nicole des jardine, a French physician who has an African origin comes to play in the last three novels. She's not just a physician but also an Olympic winner in long jump. Her skills as an athlete become vital in the survival of man kind inside this giant cylinder.

RAMA has its own sea, bounded by two walls perpendicular to its central axis. if you haven't read the book, it will be really enjoyable to imaging how all this fix to gether.

One of the walls is higher than the other, guess why??

To accommodate the acceleration. isn't this great!!

This story goes on beyond a new civilization inside RAMA to unravelling the actual intention of RAMANs who created RAMA.

If you haven't read the whole series, you are missing a lot!!. So hurry up and read. and comment on this page. thanks for reading!!

Now they are going to relaese a film based on the first novel in 2009. and i'm really exited to watch that film. Morgan Freeman will play the role of Captain Norton.

Official website for the film - http://www.rendezvouswithrama.com

Adolescence

Adolescence is characterized by the wonderful phenomenon of puberty, which is one the most wonderful developmental phenomenon you can observe in the human development, seconds only to the intra uterine development of embryo and fetus. it is a process in which a child body is converted into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction.

Initiation of these changes is due to the activation of hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis, which is the axis of controlling all these changes. What keeps this axis from activating it self in the childhood is still a point of debate. Though some scientists suggests that it is due to a completion of a maturation process in another part of the brain, numerous practical implications in this area has lead more and more scientists to make this area their playground.